Editorial: Malta’s labour reform: progress hinges on enforcement

The announcement that Malta’s new Labour Migration Policy will begin its first phase of implementation on 1 August is a positive and necessary step forward. With 20 key measures outlined, and the first 12 set to come into force immediately while the rest will be put into practice in October, the government has signalled a serious intention to tackle abuse, enforce proper controls, and ensure that third-country nationals (TCNs) are employed only where there is genuine need.

Minister Byron Camilleri’s emphasis on the policy’s four guiding principles – stability, workers’ rights, proper controls, and investment in skills – reflects a commendable vision for a more just and sustainable labour system.

However, while the introduction of this policy marks progress, it is vital to acknowledge that legislation, in itself, is not enough. History has shown that even the most well-meaning laws can falter in the absence of robust implementation, enforcement, and accountability. Too often, loopholes are exploited, monitoring is lax, or the mechanisms intended to protect workers prove ineffective in practice. This policy must be backed not just by words or phased plans, but by continuous and transparent action.

It is encouraging that over 300 submissions were received during the public consultation phase – an indication of active stakeholder engagement. Yet, consultation must be matched by commitment to follow through. This means resourcing regulatory bodies, training enforcement officers, and providing clear and accessible channels for workers to report abuse without fear of retaliation. Gradual rollout should not be used to justify delays in justice or dilute the urgency of ending exploitation.

The government’s recognition of employer malpractice – such as underpayment, regulatory evasion, and the exploitation of foreign labour – is an important acknowledgment. But as the policy moves from paper to practice, close attention must be paid to those most vulnerable within the system.

Migrant workers, particularly those from outside the EU, often face precarious living conditions, limited access to support networks, and linguistic or cultural barriers that make them easy targets for abuse. Protecting their rights must be more than a policy objective – it must be a daily priority.

Moreover, the dignity of workers must remain at the heart of this entire effort. Policies should not only prevent exploitation but actively promote decent working conditions, fair wages, and the social integration of TCNs. This involves more than regulation. It requires fostering a labour culture grounded in respect, equity, and shared responsibility.

The Labour Migration Policy is a welcome move, but it must not become another ambitious plan that loses momentum over time. Implementation must be transparent, enforcement rigorous, and worker dignity central. Only then can Malta truly say it has not just created a fairer system on paper, but one that lives up to its promises in practice.