MDB steps in where banks hesitate, with SMEs at the heart of its mission

Kyle Patrick Camilleri

Since its establishment in 2017, the Malta Development Bank (MDB) has supported around 750 firms, more than 90% of which are small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), CEO Alison Micallef said in an interview with this media house.

Micallef stressed that the MDB’s role is to intervene where “market failures” exist – in other words, where viable projects struggle to secure financing through commercial banks because of factors such as insufficient collateral, conservative lending appetites, or the long-term nature of the investment.

This focus on SMEs reflects their central role in Malta’s economy. Citing NSO data, Micallef said that 99.6% of all non-financial corporations in Malta are SMEs. Yet despite their dominance in numbers, they generate less than half of the country’s total net turnover.

“While SMEs are the backbone of the economy in terms of numbers and activity, revenue remains concentrated among a relatively small number of large enterprises,” she said, adding that SMEs therefore need greater support.

The MDB works alongside commercial banks rather than replacing them, stepping in through risk-sharing arrangements to make projects more bankable. “We do not want to displace private lenders,” Micallef said. “We want to work alongside them and help them make a project.”

As a development bank, the MDB is barred from financing speculative construction and real estate. Instead, it focuses on projects that create long-term economic and social value, particularly in areas such as productivity, innovation, energy resilience, and infrastructure.

One flagship example is the StudentAssist scheme, which helps students finance higher education in Malta or abroad. Around 900 students have benefited so far, with total support reaching approximately €38 million. Under the scheme, students can access interest-free loans of up to €100,000 to cover tuition, accommodation, and related expenses through partner banks BOV and APS.

Micallef said the scheme is an investment in Malta’s future workforce. “By removing financial barriers, we are helping to develop a skilled workforce in Malta that will materialise in the future,” she said.

MDB-backed projects typically involve long repayment periods and are monitored continuously, with formal annual reviews carried out jointly with partner banks. This allows the bank to track growth, market traction, and the overall impact of the financing.

The MDB’s importance was especially visible during the Covid-19 pandemic, when it estimates that its support helped safeguard around 40,000 jobs. According to Micallef, the bank’s contribution during that period amounted to 13% of Malta’s gross value added, or around €1.7 billion.

The bank has also recently strengthened its position internationally. In early 2026, it became the smallest bank in Europe to pass the European Commission’s pillar assessment, allowing it to access the InvestEU budget directly. This means the MDB can now help Maltese businesses tap into EU-backed guarantees without relying solely on intermediaries.

Looking ahead, Micallef said the MDB is concentrating on sectors critical to Malta’s long-term competitiveness, particularly innovation and energy resilience. She noted that these are precisely the areas where private markets can be more reluctant to take risks, especially during periods of uncertainty.

On innovation, the MDB is working with Xjenza Malta on a blended finance instrument to help businesses commercialise research and development. Rather than relying solely on grants, the new tool will provide longer-term loan financing to help ideas reach the market.

Infrastructure is another core pillar. The MDB focuses on sustainable, bankable projects that address clear market gaps, particularly those with long repayment periods that may exceed local banks’ risk appetite. As Malta’s only implementing partner for the Alternative Fuels Infrastructure Facility (AFIF), the MDB can also help entrepreneurs secure cheaper financing for eligible projects, provided they meet strict EU environmental and technical standards.

Despite its policy alignment with Malta Vision 2050 and EU green and digital priorities, Micallef insisted that “policy alignment never comes at the expense of financial discipline.”

“Our decisions are banking decisions, not political decisions,” she said.

This is an abridged version of an interview which was carried in The Malta Independent on Sunday on 22 March